'Synagogue of Satan'

The Book of Revelation mentions people "who say they are Jews, and are not." The speaker says this means today's Jews. In the Bible, these words appear in letters to two small church communities in what is now Turkey, about 1,900 years ago. They aren't a description of a whole people for all time. Major churches today reject blaming Jews as a group for Jesus' death.

The opponent may claim Revelation's phrase 'who say they are Jews and are not' refers to modern Jews and proves collective spiritual guilt.

Revelation 2:9 and 3:9, addressed to specific early Christian congregations in Smyrna and Philadelphia.

A local first-century polemic cannot simply be mapped onto every Jew across two millennia. The Roman state carried out crucifixion under Pontius Pilate.